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intractableness    
n. 不听话

不听话

intractableness
n 1: the trait of being hard to influence or control [synonym:
{intractability}, {intractableness}] [ant: {flexibility},
{tractability}, {tractableness}]


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  • Halogenoalkanes | Edexcel A-Level Chemistry
    Edexcel A-Level Chemistry: Halogenoalkanes — classification, nucleophilic substitution and elimination, mechanisms with OH−, CN− and NH3, bond enthalpy and hydrolysis rates, and the AgNO3 test
  • Investigation of the rates of hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes | Edexcel A . . .
    Edexcel A-Level Chemistry Core Practical 4: Investigate the hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes Compare rates of hydrolysis by halogen atom and carbon structure, observe silver halide precipitates, and analyse nucleophilic substitution trends
  • Halogenoalkanes (Topic 6D) — Edexcel A Level Chemistry Study Notes — Medify
    Primary halogenoalkanes react via the generic nucleophilic substitution mechanism shown below In an exam, remember to include the partial charges on the bond The reaction is initiated by the attack of the 𝛿+ carbon in the halogenoalkane by an electron pair from the nucleophile
  • Halogenoalkane Hydrolysis – A Level Chemistry Edexcel Revision – Study . . .
    For primary halogenoalkanes, the rate is relatively low due to the higher bond strength of the C-Halogen bond Secondary halogenoalkanes hydrolyse at a moderate rate, and tertiary halogenoalkanes hydrolyse fastest due to weaker bond strengths
  • Halogenalkane Hydrolysis | Nucleophilic Substitution and Rate Factors
    A-level chemistry notes on halogenalkane hydrolysis by nucleophilic substitution Learn why the reaction is slow, how to measure rate using silver nitrate, and how C–X bond enthalpy affects iodo, bromo, chloro and fluoro rates
  • Halogenoalkanes - Chemistry A-Level Revision
    Halogenoalkanes Like alcohols, halogenoalkanes can be primary, secondary or tertiary Nucleophilic substitution reactions of halogenoalkanes NaOH (aq) is used as a source of OH– (aq) The OH– ion behaves as a nucleophile by donating an electron pair For hydrolysis, water is used as the solvent
  • Hydrolysis of Halogenoalkanes | Full Lesson (click for video preview)
    How can the rates of hydrolysis of halogenoalkanes be investigated? What is the trend in reactivity of primary secondary and tertiary halogenoalkanes and how does bond enthalpy explain this? All this and more covered in this comprehensive lesson with questions and answers!
  • A-Level Chemistry — Halogenoalkanes (3. 3. 3) — Full Notes Textbook |
    Nucleophilic substitution can occur by two different mechanisms depending on the structure of the halogenoalkane The nucleophile (OH⁻) approaches the δ⁺ carbon from the opposite side to the bromine atom A curly arrow shows the lone pair on OH⁻ forming a new bond with the carbon
  • Halogenoalkanes | Edexcel | LearningBro
    Topic 9 — Kinetics: the rate of hydrolysis depends on the C-X bond enthalpy (bond breaking is the rate-limiting step) The order of reactivity F < Cl < Br < I is set by bond strength, not polarity (which would predict the opposite, since C-F is most polar)





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